Concussions or traumatic brain injury cause transient or sudden alteration in brain function. Rapid movement or insult cause brain tissue to stretch or twist, damaging brain cells. This damage can cause chemical and metabolic changes within the brain, making it difficult for cells to function and communicate.

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The CDC estimates that approximately 3.8 million concussion occur in the U.S. annually through sports and recreational activities. The effects of a concussion cannot be seen on any medical tests such as an MRI or CT-scan. This is why identifying functional loss and using established biomarkers to determine any damage can aid in properly diagnosing and monitoring concussions. 

 

Concussions may present with a multitude of symptoms including, but not limited to:

• Headaches

• Difficulty concentrating

• Fatigue

• Brain fog

• Head pressure

• Light sensitivity

• Lightheadedness

• Memory deficits

• Neck pain

• Sound sensitivity

• Depression & sadness

• Insomnia

• Anxiety

• Loss of balance or dizziness

• Changes in mood

• Frustration

• Slower processing speed

• Tinnitus

• Vision changes

• Nausea